Chapter : 2. Political Parties
National Parties with their Symbols
(i) National Parties with their Symbols :
(a) Indian national Congress (INC) :
(1) Popularly known as the Congress Party.
(2) One of the oldest parties of the world. Founded in 1885 and has experienced many splits.
(3) Played a dominant role in Indian politics at the national and state level for several decades after India’s independence. Under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru the party sought to build a modern secular democratic republic in India.
(4) Ruling party at the centre till 1977 and then from 1980 to 1989. After 1989 its support declined, but it continues to be present throughout the country, cutting across social divisions.
(5) A centrist party (neither rightist nor leftist) in its ideological orientation, the party espouses secularism and welfare for weaker section and minorities.
(6) Supports new economic reforms but with a human face. Emerged as the largest party with 145 members in the Lok Sabha elections held in 2004.
(7) Currently leads the ruling United Progressive Alliance coalition government at the Centre.
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