Home Preparation for National Talent Search Examination (NTSE)/ Olympiad
Chapter : 6. Carbon and Its Compound
Bonds and Covalency of Carbon
7. Chemical Bond : It is a force of attraction which holds the two atoms together. 8. Covalent Bond : It is the bond formed by equal sharing of electrons, e.g., Hydrogen has one valence electron. It can share one valence electron with other hydrogen atom to form H2 molecule so as to acquire nearest noble gas configuration. The bond between two hydrogen atoms by sharing one electron each is called covalent bond. 9. Covalency of Carbon : Carbon has four valence electrons. It cannot lose four electrons since very high amount of energy will be required to lose four electrons to form C4+ ion. There is strong force of attraction between nucleus and valence electrons. Carbon cannot gain four electrons to form C4– ion because six protons cannot hold 10 electrons easily and there will be strong interelectronic repulsion. Carbon can share four electrons easily with other atoms of carbon and other elements to acquire stable electronic configuration.