Chapter : 3. Atoms & Molecules
Simple, Compound & Ionic Compounds
Simple ionsThose ions which are formed from single atoms are called simple ions.
Example. Sodium ion, Na
+, is a simple ion because it is formed from a single sodium atom, Na.
Compound ions Those ions which are formed from groups of joined atoms are called compound ions
Example. Ammonium ion NH
4+, is a compound ion which is made up of two types of atoms joined together, nitrogen and hydrogen.
Ionic compounds The compounds which are made up of ions are known as ionic compounds. In an ionic compound, the positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) are held together by the strong electrostatic forces of attraction. The forces which hold the ions together in an ionic compound are known as ionic bonds or electrovalent bonds. Since an ionic compound consists of an equal number of positive ions and negative ions, so the overall charge on an ionic compound is zero.
Example. Sodium chloride (NaCl) is an ionic compound which is made up of equal number of positively charged sodium ions (Na
+) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl
–).
Some ionic compound | S. No | Name | Formula | Ions Present |
| 1. | Sodium Chloride | NaCl | Na+ and Cl– |
| 2. | Potassium Chloride | KCL | K+ and Cl– |
| 3. | Ammonium Chloride | NH4Cl | NH4+ and Cl– |
| 4. | Magnesium Chloride | MgCl2 | Mg2+ and Cl– |
| 5. | Calcium Chloride | CaCl2 | Ca2+ and Cl– |
| 6. | Magnesium Oxide | MgO | Mg2+ and O2– |
| 7. | Calcium Oxide | CaO | Ca2+ and O2– |
| 8. | Aluminium Oxide | Al2O3 | Al3+ and O2– |
| 9. | Sodium Hydroxide | NaOH | Na+ and OH– |
| 10. | Copper Sulphate | CuSO4 | Cu2+ and SO42– |
| 11. | Calcium Nitrate | Ca(NO3)2 | Ca2+ and NO3– |
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