Chapter : 1. Minerals and Energy Resources
Ferrous Minerals
Ferrous Minerals
Iron Ore :
1. Iron ore is the basic minerals.
2. India is rich in good quality Iron ores.
Varieties :
1. Magnetite : This is the best quality of Iron ore and contains about 72 % iron. It has excellent magnetic qualities, especially valuable in the electrical industry.
2. Hematite : It is most important industrial Iron ore in terms of quantity used. It contains 60 % to 70 % of pure Iron.
3. The major iron ore belts in India are :
(a) Orissa - Jharkhand belt : In Orissa high grade hematite ore is found in Badampahar mines in the Mayurbhaj and Kenduihar district. In Singhum district of Jharkhand hematite Iron ore is mined in Goa and Noamundi.
(b) Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur Belt : This belt lies in Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra. Very high grade hematites are found in Bailadila range of hills in the Bastar district. It has the best physical properties needed for steel making. Iron ore from these mines is exported to Japan and South Korea via Vishakhapatnam.
(c) Bellary Chitradurga - Chilk Manglur - Tumkur : The belt is in Karnataka. The Kudermukh mines are a 100 % export unit, known to be one of the largest in the world. The ore is transported as slurry through a pipeline to a port near Mangalore.
(d) Maharashtra-Goa belt : The belt includes the state of Goa and Ratanagiri district of ores are not of very high quality. Iron ore is exported through Marmagao port.
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