History

1. Nationalism : Patriotism ; a feeling of collective belonging to one’s nation; sharing common feelings of identity.
2. Nation-state : A state having common territory and inhabited by people sharing common language, race, culture etc.
3. Influenza epidemic : Extensive spread of influenza-an actuate virus disease usually with fever, cold and body rushes.
4. Forced recruitment : In colonies people were often compelled to join the army and fight war on behalf of the colonial rulers.
5. Satyagraha : A method of agitation and protest, based on truth and non violence. This was first introduced by Gandhiji in Indian National movement. The method was passive resistance consisting of defiance of laws, non payment of taxes, boycott of government institutions etc.
6. Rowlatt Act : An Act passed by British Government in India in 1919. It authorised the government to arrest and imprison a person without trial. The Act was against civil rights.
7. Civil Disobedience : Refusal to comply with certain laws as a method of peaceful protest.
8. Hartal - (Strikes) : A method of demonstrating protest.
9. Martial law : Law of military government. When Martial laws were imposed, ordinary laws are suspended.
10. Jallianwalla Bagh : A park in Amritsar in Punjab. It is well known in the history of India because the place is associated with massacre of Indians by the British.
11. Khalifa : The spiritual and temporal head of all muslim world. Khalifa was also the ruler of Turkey till 1922.
12. Boycott : A method of resistance used by Indian nationlists under which they refused cooperation with the British in every sphere. Stopping to use foreign goods by not attending British institutions.
13. Picket : A method of protest by which the people block the entrance of a shop, factory or office, one more person stand outside a place of work or shop to dissuade other from entering.
14. Khadi : Handspun handloom material.
15. Begar : Forced labour compelling people to work free without any remuneration.
16. Plantation : Estates or extensive area under cultivation of cash crops such as tea, coffee, cotton, tobacco etc.
17. Gudeu rebels : The people who participated in the militant guerrilla movement in the Gudenu hills of Andhra Pradesh. It was a resistance movement against the colonial government who prevented the people from entering the forest for grazing their cattle or collect firewood or fruits from the region.