Chapter : 1. The Rise Of Nationalism In Europe
What did Liberal Nationalism Stand for ?
(ii) What did Liberal Nationalism Stand for ? :
(1) The term ‘Liberalism’ derives from the Latin root ‘liber’ meaning free. For the new middle classes liberalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law. Politically it emphasised the concept of government. Since the French Revolution, liberalism had stood for the end of authocracy and clerical privileges a constitutional and representative government through parliament.
(2) In the economic sphere, liberalism stood for the freedom of markets and the abolition of state imposed restrictions on the movement of goods and capital. During the 19th century this was a strong demand of the emerging middle classes.
(3) Napoleon's administrave measures had created out of countless small principalities a confederation of 39 states. Each of these possessed its own currencies, and weights and measures. Which involved time-consuming calculations.
(4) In 1834, a customs union or zollverein was formed by the initiative of Prussia and joined by most of the German states. The union abolished tariff barriers and reduced the number of currencies from over thirty to two. The creation of network of railways further stimulated mobility, harnessing, economic interests to national unification. According to Prof. Rierdich List, the aim of the zollverein was to bind the Germans economically into a nation.
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