Chapter : 6. Carbon and Its Compound
Properties of Covalent Compounds
27. Properties of Covalent Compounds :
(i) Physical State : Covalent compounds can exist in solid, liquid as well as gaseous state e.g., CH4 is gas, CHCl3 is liquid, glucose is solid.
(ii) Solubility :
(a) They are generally insoluble in water and in polar solvents because they cannot form ions in aqueous solution.
(b) They are soluble in non-polar organic solvents like ether, benzene, CCl4, CS2, CHCl3, acetone etc.
(iii) Electrical Conductivity : Covalent compounds are poor conductors of electricity because they do not contain ions or free electrons for conduction of electricity, e.g., CCl4, benzene, toluene do not conduct electricity.
(iv) Melting and Boiling Point : Melting and boiling points of covalent compounds are low due to weak forces of attraction between molecules. Less energy is required to overcome these forces of attraction, e.g.,
(i) Physical State : Covalent compounds can exist in solid, liquid as well as gaseous state e.g., CH4 is gas, CHCl3 is liquid, glucose is solid.
(ii) Solubility :
(a) They are generally insoluble in water and in polar solvents because they cannot form ions in aqueous solution.
(b) They are soluble in non-polar organic solvents like ether, benzene, CCl4, CS2, CHCl3, acetone etc.
(iii) Electrical Conductivity : Covalent compounds are poor conductors of electricity because they do not contain ions or free electrons for conduction of electricity, e.g., CCl4, benzene, toluene do not conduct electricity.
(iv) Melting and Boiling Point : Melting and boiling points of covalent compounds are low due to weak forces of attraction between molecules. Less energy is required to overcome these forces of attraction, e.g.,
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