Chapter : 4. Acid Bases & Salts
Olfactory indicators
Olfactory indicators : There are substances like onion juice, vanilla essence and clove oil which by change of their smell indicate whether the sample solution is acidic or basic. These are called olfactory indicators.
You have learnt that in neutralization reactions an acid and a base react to produce salt and water. For example, the neutralization reaction between NaOH and HCl gives the salt NaCl and water.
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
Thus, a salt may be defined as follows.
A salt is a compound formed by the reaction of an acid with a base in which the hydrogen of the acid is replaced by the metal.
In polybasic acids, more than one hydrogen atoms are present in a molecule. These hydrogen atoms can be replaced partially or completely. So, two kinds of salts are possible.
(i)
Here, partial replacement of hydrogen atoms from H2SO4 has resulted in the formation of sodium hydrogensulphate.
(ii)
Here, complete replacement of hydrogen atoms from H2SO4 has resulted in the formation of sodium sulphate. NaHSO4 and Na2SO4 represent two kinds of salts.
You have learnt that in neutralization reactions an acid and a base react to produce salt and water. For example, the neutralization reaction between NaOH and HCl gives the salt NaCl and water.
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
Thus, a salt may be defined as follows.
A salt is a compound formed by the reaction of an acid with a base in which the hydrogen of the acid is replaced by the metal.
In polybasic acids, more than one hydrogen atoms are present in a molecule. These hydrogen atoms can be replaced partially or completely. So, two kinds of salts are possible.
(i)
Here, partial replacement of hydrogen atoms from H2SO4 has resulted in the formation of sodium hydrogensulphate.
(ii)
Here, complete replacement of hydrogen atoms from H2SO4 has resulted in the formation of sodium sulphate. NaHSO4 and Na2SO4 represent two kinds of salts.
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